ITALY: Today the islands of the Mediterranean are practically synonymous with seafood. But for some of the early residents, the bounty of the sea wasn’t on the menu. Collagen analysis of human remains found in a cave on Favignana, an island west of Sicily, shows that settlers there 20,000 to 25,000 years ago relied on land animals—deer and boar—rather than fish, even as rising seas isolated the island. They may have lacked well-developed fishing technology. —Samir S. Patel